Джордж Эллис - Далекое будущее Вселенной Эсхатология в космической перспективе

• Название: Далекое будущее Вселенной Эсхатология в космической перспективе
• Автор: Джордж Эллис
• Издательство: ББИ
• Жанр: Философия
• Год: 2012
• ISBN: 978–5-89647–271–1

Настанет ли в процессе развития вселенной такой момент, когда существование человечества подойдет к концу? И как насчет самой вселенной — погибнет ли она когда‑нибудь или будет существовать вечно? Подборка рассуждений на эти темы представлена в сборнике «Вселенная в далеком будущем», вышедшем под редакцией Джорджа Эллиса и состоящем из восемнадцати статей. Различные перспективы, обсуждаемые авторами этой книги, базируются на научных открытиях прошлого и настоящего, проецируемых в будущее. Эти рассуждения стимулируют, бросают вызов, побуждают к дальнейшим размышлениям, однако не дают забывать о том, что, возможно, наши теории не удастся проверить до конца времен.

Просуществует ли вселенная еще сто миллиардов лет? Не претерпит ли катастрофического превращения наше нынешнее пространство, обратившись в иное пространство с иными физическими законами? Можем ли мы построить богословие будущей вселенной? В этой книге ведущие богословы, философы и ученые вместе обсуждают далекое прошлое и далекое будущее вселенной — космические эпохи, масштаб которых несравним с опытом всего человечества. Среди авторов — известнейшие специалисты: Джон Бэрроу, Пол Дэвис, Роберт Рассел, Фримэн Дайсон и другие. Богослов Юрген Мольтман вносит неожиданный, но важный вклад в разработку темы, исследуя мотивы христианской эсхатологии в применении к будущему вселенной.

Это поистине поворотная книга. Изложенные ведущими учеными представления о судьбе нашей вселенной сочетаются здесь с философскими прозрениями известных богословов. Никому прежде не удавалось осуществить подобный синтез. Книга отличается новизной представленных в ней взглядов, оригинальностью и глубиной.

Грегори Бенфорд,

Калифорнийский университет

---

3. Barbour, I. G., Religion in an Age of Science, The Gifford Lectures, 1989–90 (San Francisco: Harper and Row, 1990).

4. Barbour, I. G., "Five Models of God and Evolution", in Evolutionary and Molecular Biology: Scientific Perspectives on Divine Action, eds. R. J. Russell, W. R., Stoeger, S. J., and F. J. Ayala (Vatican Observatory, Vatican City State/Center for Theology and the Natural Sciences, Berkeley, Calif., 1998).

5. Barrow, J. D., Impossibility: The Limits of Science and the Science of Limits (Oxford University Press, Oxford, 1998), 155–89, esp. 181.

6. Barrow, J. D., "Cosmic Questions", paper from AAAS Program of Dialogue on Science, Ethics, and Religion, Washington, D. C., April 14–19, 1999. После этого статья Бэрроу, озаглавленная "Cosmology, Life, and Anthropic Principle" была опубликована в Annals of New York Academy of Sciences, vol. 950; Cosmic Questions, ed. J.B. Miller (New York Academy of Science, New York, 2001).

7. Barrow, J. D., and Tipler, F. J., The Anthropic Cosmological Principle (Clarendon Press, Oxford, 1986).

8. Birch, C, "Neo‑Darwinism, Self‑Organization, and Divine Action in Evolution", in Evolutionary and Molecular Biology: Scientific Perspectives on Divine Action, eds. RJ. Russell, W. R. Stoeger, S. J., and F. J. Ayala (Vatican Observatory Publications, Vatican City State/Center for Theology and the Natural Sciences, Berkeley, Calif., 1998).

9. Birrell, N. D., and Davies, P. C.W., Quantum Fields in Curved Space (Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1982).

10. Bynum, C. W., The Resurrection of the Body in Western Christianity, 200–1336 (Columbia University Press, New York, 1995).

11. Capek, M., "Time in Relativity Theory: Arguments for a Philosophy of Becoming", in The Voices of Time: A Cooperative Survey of Man's Views of Time as Expressed by the Sciences and by the Humanities, ed. J. T. Frazer (University of Massachusetts Press, Amherst, 1966, 1981), 434–54.

12. Clayton, P. Explanation from Physics to Theology: An Essay in Rationality and Religion (Yale University Press, New Haven, Conn., 1989).

13. Cohn, J. D., "Living with Lambda", Astroph/9807/128 V2 Preprint (1998).

14. Davis, S. Kendall D., S. J., and O'Collins, G., eds., The Resurrection (Oxford University Press, Oxford, 1997).

15. de Beauregard, O. C., "Time in Relativity Theory: Arguments for a Philosophy of Being", in The Voices of Time: A Cooperative Survey of Man's Views of Time as Expressed by the Sciences and by the Humanities, ed. J. T. Frazer (University of Massachusetts Press, Amherst, 1966, 1981), 417–33.

16. Deason, G. B., "Protestant Theology and the Rise of Modern Science: Criticism and Review of the Strong Thesis", CTNS Bulletin, 6.4., 1–8 (Autumn 1986).

17. Drees, W. B., Beyond the Big Bang: Quantum Cosmologies and God (Open Court, La Salle, 111., 1990).

18. Dyson, F., "Time without End: Physics and Biology in an Open Universe", Rev. Mod. Phys., 51, 447–60 (1979).

19. Dyson, F., Disturbing the Universe (Harper and Row, New York, 1979).

20. Dyson, F., Infinite in All Directions (Harper and Row, New York, 1988).

21. Ellis, G. F.R., Before the Beginning: Cosmology Explained (Boyars/ Bowerdean, New York, 1993).

22. Ellis, G. F.R., "Ordinary and Extraordinary Divine Action: The Nexus of Interaction", in Chaos and Complexity: Scientific Perspectives on Divine Action, eds. R. J. Russell, N. C. Murphy, and A. R. Peacock, Scientific Perspectives on Divine Action Series (Vatican Observatory Publications, Vatican City State/Centre for Theology and the Natural Sciences, Berkeley, Calif., 1995), 384.

23. Ellis, G. F.R., "The Thinking Underlying the New 'Scientific' World‑Views", in Evolutionary and Molecular Biology: Scientific Perspectives on Divine Action, eds. RJ. Russell, W. R. Stoeger, S. J., and F. J. Ayala (Vatican Observatory Publications, Vatican City State/ Center for Theology and the Natural Sciences, Berkeley, Calif., 1998), 251–80.

24. Ellis, G. F.R., "Природы бытия (временная и вечная)", гл. 18 настоящей книги.

25. Ellis, G. F.R., Hwang, J. C, and Bruni, M., Phys. Rev., D, 40, 1819–26 (1989).

26. Ellis, G. F.R., and Stoeger, W. R. (S. J.), "Introduction to General Relativity and Cosmology", in Quantum Cosmology ans the Laws of Nature: Scientific Perspectives on Divine Action, eds. R. J. Srussell, N. C. Murphy, and C. I. Isham, Scientific Perspectives on Divine Action Series (Vatican Observatory Publications, Vatican City State/Center for Theology and the Natural Sciences, Berkeley, Calif., 1993).

27. Folse, H. I. "Complementarity, Bell's Theorem, and the Framework of Process Metaphysics", Proc. Stud., 11, no. 4, 259–73 (Winter 1981).

28. Foster, M., "The Christian Doctrine of Creation and the Rise of Modern Science", in Creation: The Impact of an Idea, eds. D. O'Connor and F. Oakley (Charles Scribner's Sons, New York, 1969).

29. Geroch, R. P., "Singularities in Closed Universes", Phys. Rev. Lett, 17,445–47 (1966).

30. Goldsmith, D., Einstein's Greatest Blunder? The Cosmological Constant and Other Fudge Factors in the Physics of the Universe (Harvard University Press, Cambridge, Mass., 1995).

31. Hartle, J. B., and Hawking, S. W., "Wave Function of the Universe", Phys. Rev. D., 28, 2960–75 (1983).

32. Hartstorne, C, 'Bell's Theorem and Stapp's Revised View of Space‑Time", Proc. Stud., 7, no. 4, 183–91 (Winter 1977).

33. Haught, J. F., The Promise of Nature: Ecology and Cosmic Purpose (Paulist Press, New York, 1995), 124–25, 130.

34. Haught, J. F., Science and Religion: From Conflict to Conversion (Paulist Press, New York, 1995), 174–75.

35. Geroch, R. P., 'Singularities in Closed Universes", Phys. Rev. Lett. 17,445–47 (1966).

36. Hawking S. W., The Occurrence of Singularities in Cosmology, III. Causality and Singularities", Proc. Roy. Soc. bond., A 300, 187–201 (1967).

37. Hawking, S. W., and Ellis, G. F.R., The Large Scale Structure of Space‑Time, Cambridge Monographs on Mathematical Physics Series (Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1973).

38. Hawking, S. W., and Penrose, R., "The Singularities of Gravitational Collapse and Cosmology", Proc. Roy. Soc. London, A 314, 529–48 (1970).

39. Hoyle, F., Burbidge, G., and Narlikar, J. V., A Different Approach to Cosmology: From a Static Universe Through the Big Bang Towards Reality (Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1973).

40. Hoyle, F., and Narlikar, J. V., Action at a Distance in Physics and Cosmology (W. H. Freeman and Company, San Francisco, 1974).

41. Hoyle, F., and Narlikar, J. V., The Physics‑Astronomy Frontier (W. H. Freeman and Company, San Francisco, 1974).

42. Huchingson, J. E., Religion and the Natural Sciences: The Range of Engagement (Harcourt Brace Jovanovich College Publishers, Fort Worth, 1993).

43. Isham, C. J., "Creation of the Universe as a Quantum Process", in Physics, Philosophy, and Theology: A Common Quest for Understanding, eds. R. J. Russell, W. R. Stoeger, S. J. and G. V. Coyne, S. J. (Vatican Observatory Publications, Vatican City State, 1988), 375–408.

44. Isham, C. J., "Quantum Theories of the Creation of the Universe", in Quantum Cosmology and the Laws of Nature: Scientific Perspectives on Divine Action, eds. R. J. Russell, N. C. Murphy, and C. J. Isham, Scientific Perspectives on Divine Action Series (Vatican Observatory Publications, Vatican City State/Center for Theology and the Natural Sciences, Berkeley, Calif., 1993), 49–90.

45. Isham, C. J., Lectures on Quantum Theory: Mathematical and Structural Foundations (Imperial College Press, London, 1995).

46. Isham, C. J., and Butterfield, J., "Topos Perspective on the Kochen‑Specker Theorem. I. Quantum States as Generalized Valuations", Int. J. Theor. Phys., 37, no. 11, 2669–733 (1998).

47. Isham, C. J., and Polkinghorne, J. C., "The Debate Over the Block Universe", in Quantum Cosmology and the Laws of Nature: Scientific Perspectives on Divine Action, eds. R. J. Russell, N. C. Murphy, and С J. Isham, Scientific Perspectives on Divine Action Series (Vatican Observatory Publications, Vatican City State/Center for Theology and the Natural Sciences, Berkeley, Calif., 1993), 13444.

48. Isham, C. J., and Sawidou, K. N., "Time and Modern Physics" (A Blackett Laboratory Preprint, London, 2000), 1–17.

49. Jones, W. B., "Bell's Theorem, H. P. Stapp, and Process Theism", Proc. Stud., 8, no.l, 250–61 (Spring 1978).

50. Kaiser, C. B., Creation and the History of Science, The History of Christian Theology Series, no.3 (Eerdmans, Grand Rapids, Mich., 1977).

51. Klaaren, E. M., Religious Origins of Modern Science: Belief in Creation in Seventeenth‑Century Thought (William B. Eerdmans, Grand Rapids, Mich., 1977).

52. Kolb, E. W., and Turner, M. S., The Early Universe (Addison‑Wesley Publishing Company, Readind, Mass., 1994).

53. Kragh, H., Cosmology and Controversy: The Historical Development of Two Theories of the Universe (Princeton University Press, Princeton, N. J., 1996).

54. Krauss, L. M., "The End of the Age Problem, and the Case for a Cosmological Constant Revisited", CWRU‑P6–97 / CERN‑Th-97/122 / Astro‑Ph/9706227 Preprint (1997).

55. Leggett, A., "Time's Arrow and the Quantum Measurement Problem", in Time's Arrow Today: Recent Physical and Philosophical Work on the Direction of Time, ed. S. F. Savitt (Cambridge university Press, Cambridge, 1995), 191–216.

56. Lindberg, D. C., and Numbers, R. L., eds., God and Nature: Historical Essays on the Encounter between Christianity and Science (University of California Press, Berkeley, 1986).

57. Linde, A. D., "Particle Physics and Inflationary Cosmology", Physics Today, 40, no. 9, 61–68 (1988). См. также: A Guth: astro=ph/0101507 at http:/xxx.lanl.gov.

58. Lorenzen, Т., Resurrection and Disciples hip: Interpretive Models, Biblical Reflections, Theological Consequences (Orbis Books, Maryknoll, N. Y., 1995).

59. Lucas, J. R., and Hodgson, P. E., Spacetime and Electromagnetism (Clarendon Press, Oxford, 1990).

60. Macquarrie, J., Principles of Christian Theology, 2nd ed., (Charles Scribner's Sons, New York, 1977, 1966), ch. 15, esp. 351–62.

61. Misner, C. W., Thorne, K. S., and Wheeler, J. A., Gravitation (W. H. Freeman and Co., San Francisco, 1973).

62. Murphy, G. L., "Positivity and Causality: Classical Theory (Preprint)" (1978).

63. Murphy, N., Theology in the Age of Scientific Reasoning (Cornell University Press, Ithaca, N. Y., 1990).

64. Murphy, N., Anglo‑American Postmodernity: Philosophical Perspectives on Science, Religion, and Ethics (Westview Press, Boulder, Colo., 1997).

65. Murphy, N., and Ellis, G. F.R., On the Moral Nature of the Universe Theology, Cosmology, and Ethics, Theology and the Sciences Series (Fortress Press, Minneapolis, Minn., 1996).

66. North, J. D., The Measure of the Universe: A History of Modern Cosmology (Dover Publications, Inc., New York, 1965, 1990).

67. O'Collins, G., S. J., Jesus Risen: An Historical, Fundamental, and Systematic Examination of Christ' Resurrection (Paulist Press, New York, 1987).

68. Pannenberg, W., "Theological Questions to Scientists", in The Sciences and Theology in the Twentieth Century, ed. A. R. Peacocke (University of Notre Dame Press, Notre Dame, Ind., 1981).

69. Pannenberg, W., Metaphysics and the Idea of God (Eerdmans, Grand Rapids, Mich., 1990).

70. Pannenberg, W., Systematic Theology, trans. G. W. Bromiley (Eerdmans, Grand Rapids, Mich., 1991), 1.

71. Pannenberg, W., Toward a Theology of Nature: Essays on Science and Faith, ed. T. Peters (Westminster/John Knox Press, Louisville, Ky., 1993).

72. Peacocke, A., Theology for a Scientific Age: Being and Becoming -Natural, Divine and Human, enlarged ed. (Fortress Press, Minneapolis, Minn., 1993).

73. Penrose, R., "Gravitational Collapse and Space‑Time Singularities", Phys. Rev. Lett., 14, 57–59 (1965).

74. Peters, Т., God as Trinity: Relationality and Temporality in the Divine Life (Westminster/John Knox Press, Louisville, Ky., 1993, 175–76.

75. Peters, Т., ed., Science and Theology: The New Consonance (West‑view Press, Boulde, Colo., 1998).

76. Polkinghorne, J. C., The Faith of Physicist: Reflections of a Bottom‑Up Thinker, Theology and the Sciences Series (Fortress Press, Minneapolis, Minn., 1994).

77. Polkinghorne, J. C., "Eschatology: Some Questions and Some Insights from Science", in The End of the World and the Ends of God: Science and Theology on Eschatology, eds. J. Polkinghorne and M. Welker (Trinity Press International, Harrisburg, Pa., 2000).

78. Prigogine, I., From Being to Becoming: Time and Complexity in the Physical Sciences (W. H. Freeman and Co., San Francisco, 1980).

79. Richardson, W. M., and Wildman, W. J., eds., Religion and Science: History, Method, Dialogue (Routledge, New York, 1996).

80. Russell, R. J., "The God Who Transcends Infinity: Insights from Cosmology and Mathematics into the Greatness of God", in How Large Is God? Eds. I. M. Templeton and R. L. Herrmann (Philadelphia: Templeton Foundation Press, 1997).

81. Russell, R. J., "Time in Eternity: Special Relativity and Eschatology", Dialog, 39, no.l, 46–55 (march 2000).

82. Russell, R. J., "Did God Create Our Universe? Theological Reflections on the Big Bang, Inflation, and Quantum Cosmologies", in Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, vol. 950: Cosmic Questions, ed. J. B. Miller (New York Academy of Sciences, New York, 2001).

83. Russell, R. J., "Theology and Science: Current Issues and Future Directions", on the CTNS website, www.ctns.org (http://www.ctns.org/Publications/Russell_Paper/russell_paper.html).

84. Russell, R. J., "Bodily Resurrection, Eschatology, and the Challenge of Physical Cosmology", in Resurretion: Theological and Scientific Arguments, eds. T. Peters, R. J. Russell, and M. Welker (Eerdmans, Grand Palids, Mich., forthcoming 2002).